Socrates - Definitions of Piety Essay - 942 Words

Socrates - Definitions of Piety During the Periclean age (around 400 B.C.) in Athens Greece there was a man named Socrates. He was considered a very wise man by the Athenians. However there were men in power who did not care for him or his teachings; Claiming that he corrupted the Athenian youth and did not believe in the Greek gods, Socrates was put on trail. On his way to his trial Socrates met a man named Euthyphro, a professional priest who is respected by the authorities (those who want get rid of Socrates). Euthyphro is at the court house to prosecute his father for murder. Socrates finds this to be interesting. If Euthyphro can properly explain why he is prosecuting his father for murder Socrates might have an†¦show more content†¦Socrates says you did not teach me adequately when I asked you what the pious was, but you told me that what you are doing now, prosecuting your father for murder is pious (Plato, 10) Socrates wants to know what piety is through one form (Plato, 10). He does not want to kn ow which things or actions are pious, but rather what piety itself is. One cannot simply define something by giving examples so this definition does not satisfy Socrates. Euthyphro gives Socrates the second definition. He argues what is dear to the gods is pious, what is not is impious (Plato, 11). Therefore piety is determined by the gods. According to this argument this cannot be true because, how can all the gods find everything to be pious when what is just to some gods is unjust to others, and what one god finds beautiful another would not. They have differences in opinions. The gods are in a state of discord, that they are at odds with each other (Plato, 11). They [the gods] consider different things to be just beautiful, ugly, good, and bad. (Plato, 12). This is a good argument in that, the gods would not agree on piety, therefore piety cannot be simply what is dear to the gods. It must be something else. The third definition that Euthyphro states is that The godly and the pious is a part of the just that is the care of the gods, while that concerned with the care of men is the remainingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Plato s The Euthyphro 1723 Words   |  7 Pagesteacher, Socrates and his most notorious disciple, Aristotle, Plato set the groundworks of Western philosophy and science amid dialogues such as Apology, Euthyphro, Republic and Laws. These dialogues provided some of the earliest handlings of political inquiries from a philosophical viewpoint. In the Euthyphro, Plato composes a dialogue that transpires in 399 BC, weeks before the hearing of Socrates, for which Socrates and Euthyphro try to determine an absolute meaning for the word â€Å"piety† also knownRead MoreThe Definition of Piety in Platos Euthyphro1311 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Definition of Piety in Euthyphro Introduction Platos Euthyphro introduces the Socratic student both to the Socratic Method of inquiry and to, or at least towards, a definition of piety. Because the character of Euthyphro exits the dialogue before Socrates can arrive at a reasonable definition, an adequate understanding of piety is never given. However, what piety is not is certainly demonstrated. Euthyphro gives three definitions of piety that fail to mean much to Socrates, who refutesRead MorePiety VS Impiety (Euthyphro Socrates)1042 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is piety and impiety? This broad question is exactly what Euthyphro and Socrates debate about the true meaning of these two words. When society hears the word piety, they think of worship for God or religious fulfillment of sacred obligations. However, when Socrates attends the kings court on charges of impiety by Meletus, he encounters Euthyphro there who is going to prosecute his own father for accidentally killing one of his workers. Even though Socrates feels that E uthyphro has courageRead MoreThe Euthyphro, By Socrates And Euthyphro1733 Words   |  7 Pagesconsidered the epitome of Socrates’ mastery of philosophy. In this dialogue, Socrates and Euthyphro converse on the porch of King Archon, who oversees religious laws. They both state why they are there and try to justify themselves to each other. While doing this, they circumvent about the matter of what piety exactly means. Euthyphro, having the reputation of being divine and pious, told Socrates that he is indeed an expert in these matters relating to piety, but Socrates makes it his mission to proveRead MoreThe origin of piety956 Words   |  4 Pagesabsolute of piety is what Socrates seemed to be searching for. His questioning of Euthyphro may have been due to his innocent curiosity. It is also probable to assume that Socrates knew that there was no true definition of Piety, and that his overall quest to find the universal of piety was used more as an example. He may have been expressing critical thought and encouraging society to understand the variation of individual perception, and the distinction of human existence. In my opinion, piety cannotRead MoreEuthyphros Definitions of Piety Essay1017 Words   |  5 PagesEuthyphro offers at least four definitions of piety. Analyze each one of them. According to you, what are the shortcomings and fallacies that Socrates finds in each one of them? In Euthyphros initial dialogues with Socrates he is in the process of prosecuting his father for the murder of a murderer. Socrates did not quite understand the philosophy behind Euthyphros actions but nevertheless wanted to learn. Socrates chose to speak with Euthyphro with hopes to better understand EuthyphroRead MorePlato’s Euthyphro829 Words   |  4 Pages In the Euthyphro, Socrates and Euthyphro discuss the concept of piety/holiness. This essay will not only test my ability to recognize and engage philosophical concepts and analysis, but also brings me into the dialogue as a participant, asking me to create my own definition of holiness. I explain how the concept of holiness emerges in the dialogue and why it takes a prominent position in the conversation between Socrates and Euthyphro. I present the three definitions that Euthyphro uses in hisRead MoreThe Incompleteness of Platos Euthyphro Essay848 Words   |  4 Pagesthe definition of a virtue. In its case, the virtue is piety. In the end, the dialogue fails to uncover this definition, rendering an impression of incompleteness. On account of the dialogues dual effect -- the presentation of Socrates spirit as well as the Greeks inability to define piety -- explanations for its incompleteness often place too much emphasis on Socrates and, as a result, fail to unearth its true genes is. Some students argue, for example, that the failure to define piety is inducedRead MorePlato : The Trial And Death Of Socrates1107 Words   |  5 PagesPhil 103 Essay #1 Plato: The Trial and Death of Socrates Euthyphro In Platos Euthyphro, Euthyphro is surprised to see Socrates at the courthouse because he doesnt seem like the kind of person that should be anywhere around a courthouse. They both discuss why Socrates is there in which he tells Euthyphro that he is being indicted by Meletus for corrupting the youth because he does not believe in the old gods of Athens and makes up new gods. Socrates goes on by telling Euthyphro his issue is notRead MoreSocrates Cross Examination Of Euthyphro s Beliefs On What Constitutes As Pious1492 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates’ cross examination of Euthyphro’s beliefs on what constitutes as pious and impious explicates the the argument, â€Å"is the pious loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is loved by the gods?†. In demonstrating how this aligns as a real dilemma for Euthyphro in that the gods are not the source of morality, and how it is a false dilemma for Socrates because he believes morality to be ambiguous, would be to further analyze the question in where morality stems from. In

Business Law Exemption Clause - 945 Words

1. An exemption is a clause in a contract that exempts or removes liability from one or both parties in certain circumstances. Exemption clauses are used frequently in business organization contract. These clauses apportion risk between the parties concerned and the law upholds them, assuming the parties negotiated them while drafting the contract 2. The two ways in which exemption clauses can be incorporated in a contract are: (1) Incorporation by notice and (2) Incorporation by signature. 3. I would first ask X if he was notified of the hotel’s policy while, he was checking in. If He was informed of a policy to secure valuables at the front desk, then he was responsible for his losses and Y had no obligation to reimburse him†¦show more content†¦6. Misrepresentation is: A statement of fact made by one party to contract (the representor) to the other (the representee) which, while not forming a term of the contract, is one of the reasons that induces the representee to enter into the contract. 7. In a misrepresentation case, for the courts to make its decision, it generally looks for the following two things in the representor’s statement: (1) Statement of fact and (2) Inducement. 8. In a case of Tim v Roy - T Company build concrete houses with plycemet backing instead of blocks. The marketing department of the company, market the houses as fully concrete. R purchase one of the houses from T Company at the cost you would pay for a fully concrete house. After living in the house for a month R found out that the house was not fully concrete. The plaintiff sued on grounds that he bought the house from the company because he thought the company was building fully concrete houses and he was deceived when they did not. In this case the information given by the Marketing department was of a fraudulent one therefore it was a fraudulent misrepresentation. When proving a fraudulent misrepresentation the plaintiff have to prove that the representor acted in a fraudulent manner or that they made the statement knowingly or without belief it was true or recklessly. All of the above was proven. Tanya’s Boutique v. Andrà ©a Collins – In this case, Tanya gave wrong information concerningShow MoreRelatedBusiness Law: Exemption Clause961 Words   |  4 Pages1. An exemption is a clause in a contract that exempts or removes liability from one or both parties in certain circumstances. Exemption clauses are used frequently in business organization contract. These clauses apportion risk between the parties concerned and the law upholds them, assuming the parties negotiated them while drafting the contract 2. The two ways in which exemption clauses can be incorporated in a contract are: (1) Incorporation by notice and (2) Incorporation by signature.Read MoreContract Law Enforces The Right Of Contractual Freedom1684 Words   |  7 PagesContract law enforces the right to contractual freedom. Although, when one party has a stronger position in the commercial market, he may take advantage of his position and contract away from fair legal rules . Incorporation of terms The common law finds that, in the absence of misrepresentation, when parties are signing an agreement it follows that they agree to the terms included . In L’estrange v Graucob (1934), Scrutton LJ stated that the general principle of incorporation of terms is thatRead MoreBusiness Law1361 Words   |  6 Pagescommon law? The issue of this case will be whether James can hold Happy Holiday Hotel responsible for the loss of his property notwithstanding the exemption clause found in the hotel rooms. Under the Exemption Clauses in Common Law, it states that in order for this clause to be valid, the clause must be included in the contract when the contract is made. If there is any attempt to include it in after the contract has been made, the clause will be deemed as not valid. Based on The Exemption ClausesRead MoreBusiness Law1345 Words   |  6 Pagescommon law? The issue of this case will be whether James can hold Happy Holiday Hotel responsible for the loss of his property notwithstanding the exemption clause found in the hotel rooms. Under the Exemption Clauses in Common Law, it states that in order for this clause to be valid, the clause must be included in the contract when the contract is made. If there is any attempt to include it in after the contract has been made, the clause will be deemed as not valid. Based on The Exemption ClausesRead MoreTips For A Software Start Up Company1504 Words   |  7 Pageson fundraising activities unless one of the exemptions under the Act applies. She asks you to write a memo to introduce and compare various exemptions which might be applicable. The memo should cover at least the following topics: wholesale investor, small offer and crowd funding. You may also discuss any other exemptions which you think might be relevant. To: CEO of gaming apps From: employee Date: 5/9/2015 Subject: Comparison of different exemptions applicable to fundraising activities Introduction:Read MoreAn Case Between Fiona s Company Film Fun And Goliath Plc1422 Words   |  6 PagesThis case between Fiona s company Film Fun and Goliath plc concerns exemption clauses and whether Film Fun plc, as the injured party, can seek legal relief against Goliath plc. Protection from such unfair terms is offered by the common law, most noticeably the Unfair Contract Terms Act (UCTA) 1977 and Unfair Terms in Consumer Contract Regulations (UTCCR) 1999. Many factors surrounding the clause are to be considered such as its incorporation and construction into the contract as well as legislationRead MoreExemption Clause1898 Words   |  8 PagesExemption Clause Each time a person travels on a bus, train or an airplane, buys a washing machine, computers, etc., or deposits good in a railway locker or even going to a concert, he will receive a standard form contract. There are two kinds of standard form contracts which is business transactions and consumer transactions Business transaction is one that regulates dealings between people in business for example building contracts and etc. While consumer transaction is one whichRead MoreThe Supremacy Clause : Conflict Between Federal And State Law1656 Words   |  7 PagesChristina Wood The Supremacy Clause: Conflict between Federal and State Law as it relates to Medical Marijuana The American Constitution provides for a division of government powers between the federal and state governments, as well as provides solutions in an event of conflict between these two governments. The Supremacy Clause is derived through Constitutional Law and determines that the Constitution, Federal statutes, and United States treaties contain the â€Å"supreme law of the land†, creatingRead MoreHow Charitable Organizations May Not Participate Or Intervene1678 Words   |  7 Pagestermination assessment of all taxes due, and an injunction against further political expenditures.† B. Legislative History The structure of tax exemption for charitable organizations was developed through legislation enacted between 1894 and 1969. Over that period of time, Congress established the basic principles and requirements of tax exemption, activities of tax-exempt organizations that were taxable, and defined and regulated public foundations. Early legislation was enacted between 1894Read MoreUcta Law Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesSale of Goods Act 1979 (sellers implied undertakings as to conformity of goods with description or sample, or as to their quality or fitness for a particular purpose) cannot be excluded or restricted by reference to any contract term. Exclusion clauses subject to reasonableness S.6(3) states that as against a person dealing otherwise than as consumer liability for breach of the obligations arising from ss.13, 14 or 15 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 can be excluded or restricted by reference to a

Judicial Interpretation of Tax Treaties

Question: Discuss about the Judicial Interpretation of Tax Treaties. Answer: Introduction: In this case, Eric was carrying on a business of producing milk in a land acquired in 1990. The land was purchased at a price of $750000.00. The business was successful for 26 years but recently it generated insufficient profit. Therefore, Eric decided to sell the plot of land. The real estate agent offered two options for selling the land the first option is to sell the land in 50 parts for $ 3000000.00 or in a single transaction for $2500000.00. In selling the land in part, it will take 3 months for approval and another 6montrhs for completing the entire sale. The issue here is to establish whether Eric is required to include in his assessable income the earnings from sale of land from both the options: Subdividing and selling of land in 50 lots for a total of $3000000 over a period of six months; Selling of land in one transaction for $250000.00 without subdividing land; The section 4-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 provides that it is necessary for an individual, corporation or an entity to pay tax on their income. The income on which the taxes are paid is known as taxable income. The taxable income is calculated after subtracting allowable deduction under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997 from the assessable income (Saez 2013). The assessable incomes are of two type ordinary income and statutory income. The sections 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 provide that income according to the common concept is known as ordinary income (Burkhauser et al. 2015). The incomes that are not regular income are known as statutory income under section 6-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. The capital gain is an example of statutory income. The section 102-5 of the ITAA 1997 states those net capital gains are included in the assessable income (Alvaredo et al. 2013). It is important for a business to determine whether income from particular activity is ordinary income or capital gain because amount included in the assessable income will be different. The distinction between capital receipt and revenue is important because of the judicial analysis of the section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. In the case of Sun Newspapers ltd V FCT (1938), it was held that distinction is made between the capital expenditure and revenue expenditure by establishing the process by which business earns regular income (Grubert and Altshuler 2016). The principles that have been applied for distinguishing between the capital receipt and revenue income is the flow of income. The ordinary income as declared in section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 includes earnings from personal exertion, business income, isolated transactions and income from property (Graetz and Warren 2014). The section 25-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 term isolated transaction have been referred to include transactions that are outside the ordinary course of business activity and the transaction that have been entered into by non business taxpayer (Facc io and Xu 2015). The Taxation Ruling 92/3 in Para 6 states whether a profit that have been made form isolated transaction should be include in the ordinary income depends on particular circumstances of the case. In Para 13 of the Taxation Ruling 92/3 it states that whether a particular transaction is an isolated business transactions depends on the following: The nature of the business activity; The scale of activity undertaken by the enterprise; The amount involved in the transaction and the profit that have been made; The nature, range and complication of the business transaction; The transaction involves purchase and disposal of property; The moment of the transaction; Therefore based on the above discussion it can be said that if a particular transaction is considered as isolated transaction then income derived from that operation should be regarded as ordinary income. In the case of Scottish Australian mining Co V Federal commissioner of Taxation (1950) it was held that realization from capital assets are generally is regarded as capital. In the case of Federal commissioner of Taxation V Whit fords beach Pty Ltd (1982) it was held that if a capital assets is used for venturing in trading activity then it is an ordinary income (Hanlon and Pinder 2013). Application In this case, Eric decided to sell a plot of land that was used for farming business. Therefore, it is capital assets and as per the case of Scottish Australian mining Co V Federal commissioner of Taxation (1950) this profit from sale of land should be regarded as capital gain. However it can be seen that if Eric chooses the first option then it satisfies the condition laid down in the Para 13 of the Taxation Ruling 92/3. Then in such case, the transaction is considered as an isolated transaction and is treated as an assessable income (Rimmer et al. 2014). If Eric chooses, the second option of not dividing the plot and selling it in lump sum then in such case the capital gain or loss will be computed and that will be integrated in the assessable income. The section 102-22 of the ITAA 1997 states that capital gain is calculated by using two methods and then it is compared to include it in the assessable income. The two methods are discount method under division 114 and discount method under division 115. The calculations are given below: Computation of Capital Gain Particulars Discount Method Indexation method Sales Proceed $ 2,500,000.00 $ 2,500,000.00 Less: Cost of acquisition $ (750,000.00) $ (873,305.08) commission $ (62,500.00) $ (62,500.00) Gross Capital Gain $ 1,687,500.00 $ 1,564,194.92 Less: Discount 50% $ (843,750.00) Net Capital Gain $ 843,750.00 $ 1,564,194.92 Table 1: Capital Gain (Sources: created by author) Based on the above argument it can be concluded that as there if the plot of land is subdivided into 50 plot and sold for a period of 6 months. Then it should be considered as a isolated business transaction and income should be included as assessable income as an ordinary. The expenses that are made for the purpose of sale are allowed as deduction. On the other hand, if the land is sold in one transaction as a single plot then it is considered as income from capital gain. The calculation above shows that capital gain is less in discount method so this should be included in assessable income. In this case, George Eals was born in USA but currently he is a permanent resident of Australia. He currently works in technology firm and is required to visit oversea. In the year 2016, George has stayed outside Australia for 150 days. The firm has offered George for a job outside Australia for three years. He will be allowed to visit Australia for one month after every three months. The issue in this case is to determine the residential status of George in the flowing two circumstances: If children and house lives in the house of Sydney; If the house is sold and the family moves with George; The determination of residential status is important because it affects the assessable income of the taxpayer. The section 6-5 and section 6-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 states that in case of a resident the income received from all the sources are taxable. This section also provides that in case of nonresident the income received only form Australian sources are assessable (Sharkey 2015). In the case of Federal Commissioner of Taxation V Applegate (1979), it was held that it is necessary to establish the residential status of an individual annually. It was held in the case of Levene V the Commissioner of Inland Revenue (1928) that for the purpose of tax a person can be resident for more than one country. The section 995-1 of the ITAA 1997 states the meaning of resident. It is provided in the section that for the purpose of tax an individual residing in Australia is regarded as resident for the purpose of tax (Wickramasuriya 2014). The residential status of an individual is ascertained after referring to the rules provided in the section 6-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936. The Para 32 of the Taxation Ruling 98/17 provide four test for determining the residential status: The first test is to ascertain the residential status in accordance with the ordinary concept and it is known as common law test; The domicile rule test is the second test and according to this rule the residential status is ascertained after determining the permanent place of residence of the taxpayer; The183 days rule test is the third test and according to this test if an individual resides in Australia for 183 days or more then the person is considered as resident for the purpose of tax; The fourth test is the superannuation test that is applicable to all the government employees that are working abroad. In section 6-1 of the ITAA 1936 provides that the expression resides in used in the legislation in the ordinary sense and no further clarification is provided. Therefore, in accordance with the ordinary concept any individual residing in Australia is regarded as resident for the purpose of tax (Garbarino 2016). The domicile rules states that the there are two conditions that needs to be fulfilled for deciding the residential status of a person. The first condition of the rule is that the person must have a residence in Australia (Palassis 2014). The subsequent condition is that the person should not have a permanent place of abode outside Australia. The taxpayer will be considered as resident if these two conditions are satisfied. In the case of Udny V Udny (1869), the meaning of domicile is stated as a place that the individual considers as a home. If an individual resides in Australia for more than 183 days or more then the individual is regarded as resident. The two additional conditions are that the individual does not have a permanent place outside Australia and the individual has decided to reside in Australia. The fourth test is not applicable in this case as the taxpayer is not a government employee. The Taxation Ruling 98/17 also states that if any one of the rule is satisfied then the person is considered as resident for the reason of tax (Love 2015). Application In this case, George is a resident of Australia but has stayed overseas for 150 days during the year 2016. Therefore, 183 days rule is not satisfied. George has a permanent place of abode in Australia where his three child and wife resides therefore he has satisfied the domicile test. Based on this discussion it can be said that during the year 2016 George was a resident for the purpose of tax. As per section 6-5 and section 6-10 of the ITAA 1997 for a resident income received from all the sources is taxable. In 2016, the income received form Google and salary both are taxable in Australia (Appiah-Adu 2013). The second issue provides that George will have to predominantly stay outside Australia for three years and will be coming to Australia for only three months in a year. The residential status of George is assessed based on further two conditions: The children and house lives in the house of Sydney If the family of George stays in Australia then he will continue to have a permanent pale of adobe in Australia. Hence, the domicile rule will be satisfied and George will be regarded as resident for the purpose of tax. Then in such case both the salary and investment income from Google will be taxable in Australia. The house is sold and the family moves with George In this situation, George will not have a permanent place of adobe so the domicile rule is not satisfied. As earlier assessments have shown that George satisfies no other rule of residency, so he will be regarded as nonresident for the purpose of tax. In this situation, income received as salary is taxable as it is received from a firm based in Australia. However, profits received from investment are not taxable as the source of earnings is outside Australia (Zirgulis and Staehr 2015). Conclusion Based on the above discussion it can be concluded that for the year 2016 George is a resident. Therefore, all the income received is taxable in Australia. It is advised that if George takes the overseas assignment for three years and keeps his family in Australia then he will be regarded as resident for the purpose of tax. On the other hand, if George takes his family with him then he will be regarded as nonresident for the purpose of tax. Hence only income that are received from Australia is taxable. Reference Alvaredo, F., Atkinson, A.B., Piketty, T. and Saez, E., 2013. The top 1 percent in international and historical perspective.The Journal of Economic Perspectives,27(3), pp.3-20. Appiah-Adu, K., 2013. The Norwegian experience: potential lessons for Ghana and other African countries. InGovernance of the Petroleum Sector in an Emerging Developing Economy(pp. 271-283). Gower Oxford. Burkhauser, R.V., Hahn, M.H. and Wilkins, R., 2015. Measuring top incomes using tax record data: A cautionary tale from Australia.The Journal of Economic Inequality,13(2), pp.181-205. Faccio, M. and Xu, J., 2015. Taxes and capital structure.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,50(03), pp.277-300. Garbarino, C., 2016.Judicial Interpretation of Tax Treaties: The Use of the OECD Commentary. Edward Elgar Publishing. Graetz, M.J. and Warren Jr, A.C., 2014. Unlocking Business Tax Reform.Tax Notes,145, pp.707-712. Grubert, H. and Altshuler, R., 2016. Shifting the Burden of Taxation from the Corporate to the Personal Level and Getting the Corporate Tax Rate Down to 15 Percent. Hanlon, D. and Pinder, S., 2013. Capital gains tax, supply?driven trading and ownership structure: direct evidence of the lock?in effect.Accounting Finance,53(2), pp.419-439. Love, P., 2015. Frank Anstey, money power and the Labour split in war time.Victorian Historical Journal,86(1), p.161. Palassis, S.N., 2014. From The Hague to the Balkans: A Victim-oriented Reparations Approach to Improved International Criminal Justice.International Criminal Law Review,14(1), pp.1-41. Rimmer, X., Smith, J. and Wende, S., 2014. The incidence of company tax in Australia.Economic Round-up, (1), p.33. Saez, E., 2013. Income inequality: evidence and policy implications.Arrow Lecture, Stanford University. Sharkey, N., 2015. Coming to Australia: Cross border and Australian income tax complexities with a focus on dual residence and DTAs and those from China, Singapore and Hong Kong-Part 1.Brief,42(10), p.10. Watson, M., 2013. The Foundation for Law, Justice and Society. Wickramasuriya, T., 2014. Dempsey: Don't call Australia home.Taxation in Australia,49(3), p.138. Zirgulis, A. and Staehr, K., 2015.Tax competition for capital with an emphasis on productivity spillovers(Doctoral dissertation, ISM University of Management and Economics).

Operational Excellence Essay Example

Operational Excellence Essay So to achieve customer satisfaction Eurest at Sainsburys have to identify their clients and customers, then research their needs, then set targets on how to improve their satisfaction, carry these targets and finally they should talk about this action and make sure it is supported by the management. This is a good method of obtaining customer satisfaction, it explains in detail a professional method of achieving this. They have chosen this method because it involves finding out the customers needs and wants, this means that they know exactly what the customers need. Then declaring improvement targets means that they have found, through research, new and efficient ways of satisfying the customers. Finally, prioritising the targets and making sure that the targets are supported by the management is a way off ensuring that the targets are safe and that they are going to be a success. They have chosen this over other targets because off how efficient it is and that they know from experience that it is the best target. For example Eurest at Sainsburys could have decided that to achieve customer satisfaction they should serve good quality meals at a cheap price. This would be a good method, but although it would please some customers, it would also displease other customers because Eurest at Sainsburys would spend a lot of their time sticking to this target and not to the other needs of the customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Operational Excellence specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Operational Excellence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Operational Excellence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Eurest at Sainsburys has achieved this objective in most areas. The company researches what the customers want and tries to adapt to this in all situations. For example Eurest at Sainsburys regularly use a questionnaire scheme, this involves giving the customers a voluntary questionnaire that included various questions on what they want from the staff canteen service. Eurest at Sainsburys the review the questionnaires and introduce schemes like the meal deal scheme. This scheme involves giving the customers a chance to buy a meal deal, a variety of foods for a certain price. This scheme has been a great success and now it is used in all of the Eurest at Sainsburys units. Obviously it is hard for Eurest at Sainsburys to achieve complete customer satisfaction as you simply cannot please everyone, but in this area they have done what they can to achieve this goal. Over the years they have recorded a lot of research on customer satisfaction, it is just a matter of getting the balance rig ht. Establish our position as the market leader in foodservice worldwide. We will continue our focus on the needs of our market places through our use of brands driven and facilitated by New Famous Foods and foodservice brands, and by marketing our operating brands. This means that they want to establish and keep their position as market leader. They want to do this by gaining a well know image for their food and to publicise their brand names. Eurest at Sainsburys use the Eurest and Compass brand names on all of their meals and packaged foods. These brand names are widely known and to achieve this objective Eurest at Sainsburys must keep these brand names successful and research new ways to promote them. They have chosen this objective over others because it aims high and they believe it is achievable. Compass have already achieved market leadership, so what they want for Eurest at Sainsburys is for them to retain their leadership and to make it even better. Eurest at Sainsburys are definitely achieving this objective as we know they are already part of the market leaders. Their brands are the most well known in the contract catering industry they are in the process of creating new market brands. For example if you go into any service station on the motorway, about 85% of these will have a restaurant that has the Eurest or Compass trademark. Also Compass is in the process of creating the compass sandwich range, which has been tested in 10% of the units. The idea is that these sandwiches are of the highest quality and they are made with quality ingredients. Compass wants their employees to be exceptionally good workers, thats why they have given Eurest at Sainsburys this objective. If carried out correctly the staff would have been carefully employed, trained and then to be developed. This is a good objective in theory but this isnt Eurest at Sainsburys strongest area. They have chosen this objective because if carried out correctly, it will have an excellent affect on the staff and business. An alternative to this could be, using a training first objec tive where he staff are heavily trained before doing any work. This should work out to be a good method but Compass have decided on their objective from experience in the industry. Eurest at Sainsburys recently havent been very successful in achieving this objective. At the moment they are having a lot of short-staffing problems, this is due to not carrying out this objective efficiently. For example at the moment Eurest at Sainsburys are moving a lot of permanent, fixed workers from their unit to other units across the country, this is due to short staffing. This is not good for the business as fixed worker are usually fixed to there units and if you move them to other units they may not know the procedures and how to work in that unit. Also many employees are employed without filling in the application form. This means that in some cases almost anyone can get a job working for Eurest at Sainsburys. So as we have learned, this is definitely an area for improvement for Eurest at Sainsburys.

Cultural Diversity Essays - Politics, Discrimination,

Cultural Diversity Cultural diversity in the workplace is becoming more and more prevalent. Corporations in all industries are encouraging minorities, women, elderly workers, people with disabilities as well as foreign workers to join white males in the workplace. The following analysis will focus on these groups and how companies are encouraging them to join an ever-expanding workplace. Even if affirmative action is dismantled, diversity of the workforce is clearly here to stay. Business owners and managers, experts say, will still need to maintain or step up efforts to recruit and advance ethnic minorities in the year 2000 and beyond. Thats essentially because having a diverse work force and managing it effectively will simply be good business for various companies. One business leader who is at the forefront of implementing diversity is the Xerox Corporation. Xerox implemented their strategy for diversification through an aggressive, hard driving affirmative action plan. (Managing Diversity: Lessons from Private Sector, AOL Electric Library). The company has been successful in grasping Diversity by instilling it in its organizational culture and making it management priority. Xerox Corporation has taken on the imperative responsibility to implement plans that ensure a true representation of the community in which they are based and upholding a true picture of the globally based customers they serve. Their strategy is one that sets goals to recruit and retain minorities for previously restricted positions and hold management accountable for reaching those goals. It is an approach which has worked well for the organization. Because they are truly committed to tapping into the expanded creativity minorities bring, Xerox has moved from the mandatory focus of Affirmative action programs to the voluntary implementation of a business objective. According to John Fernandez, author of the book Managing a Diverse Work Force, white males would make up only fifteen percent of the net addi tions to the labor force between 1985 and 2000. White males were already in the minority, representing only forty-five percent of Americas 115 million workers in 1985. Other facts and figures also support the above mentioned trend. This is pointed out by The Career Exposure Network, a premier on-line career center and Through the 1990s, people ofjob placement service. According to the Network: color, women and immigrants will account for 85% of the net growth of the Over the By 2000, women will be 47% of the labor force nations labor force. next 20 years the U.S. population will grow by 42 million. Hispanics will Miami isaccount for 47% of the growth, Blacks22%, Asians18% and Whites13%. San Francisco is 1/3 Asian American. A more recent survey2/3 Hispanics. suggests that smaller businesses have been more successful than larger ones in promoting ethnic minorities into upper management. The study shows that in businesses with fewer than 500 employees, twenty percent of the senior mana gers are minorities, as compared with about 13 percent for businesses with five hundred or more employees (Thiederman, 162). The reason probably lies in the fact that the highest net increase of small businesses since the early 1990s have been minority owned. The number of Hispanic-owned business has grown 76% since the early 90s proceeded by Asians, Pacific Islanders, American Indians, and Alaskan Natives which grew 61% (Nickels, McHugh, McHugh, 4). Naturally, minority-owned businesses are more opt to promote their own into managerial positions. Either because the business is family owned or they have a limited labor pool of applicants. Managing diversity goes far beyond meeting the legal requirements of equal employment opportunity and affirmative action. Whereas Affirmative action is based on mandatory compliance regulations designed to bring the level of representation for minority groups into parity, diversity initiatives within organizations are voluntary in nature. It takes A ffirmative action a step further. Organizations that incorporate diversity initiatives as a part of their organizational objectives will be the most prepared they will be to meet the challenges of the next millenium. Whereas Affirmative Action focuses on including those on the basis of race, gender, and/or ethnicity, Diversity initiatives, when well implemented, focuses on all elements of diversity. Management must embrace the inclusion of employees not only with regard to obvious differences of race, sex, and age but also without regard to such secondary factors of diversity as marital

2pacs Greatness Essays

2pacs Greatness Essays 2pacs Greatness Essay 2pacs Greatness Essay The Don of Rap People often complain about how obnoxious hip/hop and rap are. However, those same people that claim these things have not heard the beauty or rawness of what rap truly stems from, emotion. Tupac Amaru Shakur brings an emotion in his music and through that emotion he brings a heavy influence to the listener; everything from his deep, distinct vocals to his poetic words, not to mention his monumental beats and memorable music. Thus making Tupac Shakur the best rapper to have ever lived. However not everyone believes this. Some people believe that rappers such as The Notorious B. I. G. and Eminem have qualified themselves as the best of all time. Some even believe that Tupac is not the best because he has a limited amount of music because of his death in 1996, preventing production of his music. There are also those who think that Tupac flip flops too much from east coast to west coast and his glorification of violence and abuse of women. The fact of the matter is that what Tupac said and rapped about had â€Å"thug-life† as a basis for rap a career; however, someone would have to listen to his music to see that there was more than violence but rather love. In regards to another rapper being better than Tupac, one would have to look at arguably his closest competition. The Notorious B. I. G and Eminem are arguably the closest. There is a list of things that make a rapper great. That list consists of combining lyrical genius with an emotional voice, and whether or not they can collaborate those two things with memorable music. There is also something else that needs to be brought to the table when labeling whether a rapper is great or not and that is when there is a dominant, unique quality, something special that can set her or him apart from the rest of the field. In Tupac’s case it was his ability to write Shakespearean-like poetry. In Tupac’s compilation of poetry in The Rose That Grew From Concrete, in a poem called â€Å"In the Event of My Demise†, he clearly let’s the reader know what he stands for, â€Å"In the event of my demise when my heart can beat no more I hope I die for a principle or a belief that I had lived for†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (p. 150). Furthermore in an interview on May 8, 2008 with Emmy winner Thom Sharp, who is currently my music teacher at CSUF, when asked how he would describe Tupac’s music, he said, â€Å"It is simply talented poetry. This is that emotion which he is capable of triggering in the reader or listener. He is essentially saying that whatever purpose he had lived for he hopes he brings with him in death because in his eyes that is a logical death and that his life had meaning and brought meaning to others. The question now is simply, â€Å"does Tupac accomplish these things? à ¢â‚¬  Yes he does and it stems from the life that he lead and what he went through. The life Tupac lead also set him apart from the other ‘thugs’ that surrounded him. Tupac is the only rapper who makes the listener feel like they are in the situation that he is portraying, whatever that may be. Emmit Price, an ethnomusicologist of Northeastern University asserted in the Harvard Gazette on April 17, 2003 , â€Å"Tupac as a prolific artist driven by a terrible sense of urgency who struggled to unify mind, body, and spirit. † Price commented further, â€Å"He was also very similar to the rest of us-a work in progress. † Price is essentially saying that Tupac is on our level and wants us to feel that personal connection through the unification that he struggles with. This is an interesting statement and holds truth but more than that it is an important aspect as to why he is the best ever. Even though listeners are not on Tupac’s level in a literal sense, they are mentally. He gets personal with the listener and that is something that his fans thrive off of, that personal relationship that the listener feels with Tupac. To those that believe that Tupac has a limited amount of music they are surely mistaken and simply uninformed. Ever since Tupac’s death in 1996, Afeni Shakur decided to do something about her son’s talent. According to 2paclegacy. com, â€Å"Afeni Shakur founded Amaru Entertainment/Records in 1997 as a way to legitimately release the huge catalog of unreleased work he completed before his physical passing. Of all of Tupac’s discography six out of his twelve albums were posthumous, meaning they came after his death. This is in large part because of his mother starting Amaru Entertainment/Records, but maybe more than that the fans that he has gained even after his death. After all he was the perfect example of death being anot her part of life. To prove wrong all those people who say he doesn’t have enough music, he is listed in the Guinness Book of Records 2003, â€Å"as the best-selling rap artist†. It also says, â€Å"US rap legend 2Pac has certified US album sales of 33. million up to the end of 2001, and has had more hits after his death (at the age of 25 in September 1996) than he amassed when he was alive. † (p. 188). Those staggering numbers should quiet anyone that says he does not have enough music because apparently the people of the world can not get enough of him, before and after death. To illustrate further his role and importance in ‘gangsta’ rap, in a recent survey on the campus of California State University, Fullerton and at the Block of Orange, 68% of all respondents when asked who there favorite gangsta rapper was, if they had to choose would be Tupac Shakur. This just proves that his music and spirit live on to this day through his always growing fan base. In regards to Tupac flip flopping too much from east coast to west coast and not being true to his â€Å"hoods†, this is what makes his greatness shine. The funny thing is that he does not disrespect other hoods, rather recognizes them and feels for their everyday struggles. He makes this evident in a song called â€Å"My Block (Remix)† off his album â€Å"Stay True†, â€Å"to all my blocks out there†¦Baltimore, The Jungle( in Marina City), Los Angeles, yeah that’s my block too. That is an important aspect to being a gangsta rapper in earning respect from everyone around him or her. That is how they build their reputation and gain their fans and with that one can and would see the haters fade away. That was his innate ability to just bring people of all types of backgrounds together. That is a talent and something that was all started from Tupac. When referring about his violence and abuse of women in his lyrics, one has to take a step back and put things in perspective. In the Harvard Gazette on April 17, 2003, from the academic symposium entitled, â€Å"All Eyes on Me: Tupac Shakur and the Search for the Modern Folk Hero†, and the article by Ken Gewertz, a member of that audience that day asked a panelist about the issue of violence and abuse of women in his lyrics and Mark Anthony Neal of the State University of New York, Albany replied with, â€Å"Well he’s (Tupac) a walking contradiction, but because of that, he makes the process of being an intellectual accessible to ordinary people. This is a very valid point and just goes to prove the point of why he is the best. He shows he is the best because he wanted and wants even in death for his music to be for everyone and anyone; from the man on the corner working for a dime, or the business man in L. A. sitting at his desk working on his next big engineering project. It is for those people, it is for all of the people in this world. Tupac’s experience is also something that made him the best; the word experience meaning life of the streets and the struggles and pain that he had to go through to be the best. All the fame that he gained through rap all came with a price. What other rapper or even person can say that they were arrested a dozen times in the same year, served a prison sentence in the same year and released a multi platinum record while serving that prison sentence in the same year. Here is the answer: no one! Tupac was a leader and had many followers. Although he is known for that mentality of being ‘solo’ and ‘him against the world’, but what does one expect from an individual who came from a household with a mom as a crack addict and no father? He took it upon himself to make something of him self. And in this world and in this time of age there can be no better role model, no greater rapper, than someone who rose up against so many adversities when it is so easy to just quit. From the police to the fame, it seemed as if he couldn’t be left alone. His yearning to be left alone is what ultimately led to his death. With his death also came a void for someone to fill in the rap industry, to take the torch and carry it. However, there has been a struggle for that leader/icon of rap to be produced since Tupac’s death in 1996. It is almost like he is still carrying that torch with him still on his back. He is still the icon and is still the greatest and most influential rapper of all time.

Franchising & Small Business - Business Plan Essay

Franchising & Small Business - Business Plan - Essay Example Business plans expansion in domain where business will provide marinated (ready to heat) food for the target audience. The company plans to meet breakeven by year end. Target audience of the Indo-Pak Meals Corner would include people in Melbourne who have taste buds for Asian spices-enriched food. It shall exclusively cater residents and immigrants from India, and Pakistan and other countries of that region like Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. India is the largest exporter of its skilled worker to Australia in the year 2012 and constitutes15.7 percent of the total program for immigration (Australian education international, 2012). This growing number, along with already residing Indians shall provide good potential for business. Indians are very much into their typical home-done food and this has been taken as opportunity to attract especially immigrants to have home flavor on outside their land. Another main component of target audience, Pakistani though comprise small percentage of total Australian population but students from Pakistan are constantly growing in double digit in Australia with growth rate of 17.6 percent. Again these people are new entrants to land of Australia and are attracted to the home spices. Indo-Pak Meals Corner plans to operate with four full time employees, a chief chef, chef, helper (for grocery, cutting and cooking) and service man. Initial outlay comprises of location, licensing, fixed and other expenses as the outlet is a start-up from zero. Indo-Pak Meals Corner exists to provide people with the best blend of food from India and Pakistan flavors to any one and everyone with need of daily fresh handy meal ready to eat on their way to destination. This company has no background history and a new start up. However, it plans to develop long history of tasty food. The management of the company has expertise in managing restaurant offering such spicy foods. In short term the business